June 16

June 16 is the 167th day of the year (168th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. There are 198 days remaining until the end of the year.

Events

• 1487 – Battle of Stoke Field, the final engagement of the Wars of the Roses.
• 1586 – Mary, Queen of Scots, recognizes Philip II of Spain as her heir and successor.
• 1745 – British troops take Cape Breton Island, which is now part of Nova Scotia, Canada.
• 1745 – Sir William Pepperell captures the French Fortress Louisbourg in Louisbourg, Nova Scotia during the War of the Austrian Succession.
• 1746 – War of Austrian Succession: Austria and Sardinia defeat a Franco-Spanish army at the Battle of Piacenza.
• 1755 – French and Indian War: the French surrender Fort Beauséjour to the British, leading to the expulsion of the Acadians.
• 1774 – Foundation of Harrodsburg, Kentucky.
• 1779 – Spain declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain, and the siege of Gibraltar begins.
• 1815 – Battle of Ligny and Battle of Quatre Bras, two days before the Battle of Waterloo.
• 1836 – The formation of the London Working Men's Association gives rise to the Chartist Movement.
• 1846 – The Papal conclave of 1846 concludes. Pope Pius IX is elected Pope beginning the longest reign in the history of the papacy (not counting St. Peter).
• 1858 – Abraham Lincoln delivers his House Divided speech in Springfield, Illinois.
• 1858 – Battle of Morar takes place during the Indian Mutiny.
• 1871 – The University Tests Act allows students to enter the Universities of Oxford, Cambridge and Durham without religious tests, except for courses in theology.
• 1883 – The Victoria Hall theatre panic in Sunderland, England kills 183 children.
• 1891 – John Abbott becomes Canada's third Prime Minister.
• 1897 – A treaty annexing the Republic of Hawaii to the United States is signed; the Republic would not be dissolved until a year later.
• 1903 – The Ford Motor Company is incorporated.
• 1903 – Roald Amundsen commences the first east-west navigation of the Northwest Passage by leaving Oslo, Norway.
• 1904 – Eugen Schauman assassinates Nikolai Bobrikov, Governor-General of Finland.
• 1904 – Irish author James Joyce begins a relationship with Nora Barnacle and subsequently uses the date to set the actions for his novel Ulysses; this date is now traditionally called "Bloomsday".
• 1911 – A 772 gram stony meteorite strikes the earth near Kilbourn, Columbia County, Wisconsin damaging a barn.
• 1915 – Foundation of the British Women's Institute.
• 1922 – General election in the Irish Free State: a large majority goes to the pro-Treaty Sinn Féin.
• 1924 – The Whampoa Military Academy is founded.
• 1925 – The most famous Young Pioneer camp of the USSR, Artek, is established.
• 1930 – Sovnarkom establishes decree time in the USSR.
• 1940 – World War II: Marshal Henri Philippe Pétain becomes Premier of Vichy France.
• 1940 – A Communist government is installed in Lithuania.
• 1958 – Imre Nagy, Pál Maléter and other leaders of the 1956 Hungarian Uprising are executed.
• 1963 – Soviet Space Program: Vostok 6 Mission – Cosmonaut Valentina Tereshkova becomes the first woman in space.
• 1972 – Red Army Faction member Ulrike Meinhof is captured by police in Langenhagen.
• 1972 – The largest single-site hydro-electric power project in Canada starts at Churchill Falls, Labrador.
• 1976 – Soweto uprising: a non-violent march by 15,000 students in Soweto, South Africa turns into days of rioting when police open fire on the crowd.
• 1977 – Oracle Corporation is incorporated in Redwood Shores, California, as Software Development Laboratories (SDL) by Larry Ellison, Bob Miner and Ed Oates.
• 1989 – Imre Nagy, the former Hungarian Prime Minister, is reburied in Budapest.
• 1997 – The Dairat Labguer massacre in Algeria; 50 people are killed.
• 2000 – Israel complies with UN Security Council Resolution 425 after 22 years of it issuance, which calls on Israel to completely withdraw from Lebanon. Israel withdraws from all of Lebanon, except the disputed Sheba Farms.

Births

• 1139 – Emperor Konoe of Japan (d. 1155)
• 1332 – Isabella de Coucy, English princess (d. 1382)
• 1514 – John Cheke, English classical scholar (d. 1557)
• 1583 – Axel Oxenstierna, Swedish statesman (d. 1654)
• 1591 – Joseph Solomon Delmedigo, Crete-born Italian physician, mathematician, and music theorist (d. 1655)
• 1606 – Arthur Chichester, 1st Earl of Donegall, Irish aristocrat and soldier (d. 1675)
• 1612 – Murad IV, Ottoman Sultan (d. 1640)
• 1613 – John Cleveland, English poet (d. 1658)
• 1633 – Jean de Thévenot, French traveler and scientist (d. 1667)
• 1644 – Henrietta Anne Stuart, French-born Princess of Scotland, England and Ireland and Duchess of Orléans (d. 1670)
• 1713 – Meshech Weare, American Governor of New Hampshire (d. 1786)
• 1723 – Adam Smith, Scottish philosopher and economist (d. 1790)
• 1738 – Mary Katharine Goddard, American printer and publisher (d. 1816)
• 1754 – Salawat Yulayev, Bashkir poet (d. 1800)
• 1792 – John Linnell, English landscape painter (d. 1882)
• 1792 – Sir Thomas Mitchell, Australian explorer (d. 1855)
• 1801 – Julius Plücker, German mathematician and physicist (d. 1868)
• 1806 – Edward Davy, English physician, chemist and inventor (d. 1885)
• 1813 – Otto Jahn, German archaeologist (d. 1869)
• 1820 – Athanase Coquerel, French Protestant preacher (d. 1875)
• 1821 – Old Tom Morris, Scottish golfer (d. 1908)
• 1826 – Constantin von Ettingshausen, Austrian geologist and botanist (d. 1897)
• 1829 – Geronimo, Apache leader (d. 1909)
• 1836 – Wesley Merritt, American general (d. 1910)
• 1837 – Ernst Laas, German philosopher (d. 1885)
• 1838 – Cushman Davis, American politician (d. 1900)
• 1840 – Ernst Otto Schlick, German engineer (d. 1913)
• 1858 – King Gustaf V of Sweden (d. 1950)
• 1874 – Arthur Meighen, 9^th Prime Minister of Canada (d. 1960)
• 1880 – Otto Eisenschiml, Austrian-born American chemist and historian (d. 1963)
• 1888 – Alexander Alexandrovich Friedman, Russian physicist (d. 1925)
• 1888 – Peter Stoner, American mathematician and astronomer (d. 1980)
• 1890 – Stan Laurel, British actor and comedian (d. 1965)
• 1894 – Norman Kerry, American actor (d. 1956)
• 1896 – Murray Leinster, American science-fiction and alternate history writer (d. 1976)
• 1897 – Elaine Hammerstein, American actress (d. 1948)
• 1897 – Georg Wittig, German chemist, Nobel laureate (d. 1987)
• 1902 – Barbara McClintock, American geneticist, Nobel laureate (d. 1992)
• 1902 – George Gaylord Simpson, American paleontologist (d. 1984)
• 1903 – Helen Traubel, American soprano (d. 1972)
• 1903 – Huldreich Georg Früh, Swiss composer (d. 1945)
• 1907 – Jack Albertson, American actor (d. 1981)
• 1909 – Archie Fairley Carr, American biologist (d. 1987)
• 1910 – Juan Velasco Alvarado, Peruvian general and President of Peru (d. 1977)
• 1912 – Enoch Powell, British politician (d. 1998)
• 1915 – John Tukey, American statistician (d. 2000)
• 1916 – Hank Luisetti, American basketball player (d. 2002)
• 1917 – Katherine Graham, American publisher (d. 2001)
• 1917 – Aurelio Lampredi, Italian mechanical engineer (Ferrari) (d. 1989)
• 1917 – Irving Penn, American photographer (d. 2009)
• 1920 – John Howard Griffin, American journalist (d. 1980)
• 1920 – Raymond U. Lemieux, Canadian organic chemist (d. 2002)
• 1920 – José López Portillo, 31^st President of Mexico (d. 2004)
• 1923 – Ron Flockhart, Scottish racing driver (d. 1962)
• 1924 – Faith Domergue, American actor (d. 1999)
• 1927 – Tom Graveney, English cricketer
• 1927 – Herbert Lichtenfeld, German author and playwright (d. 2001)
• 1928 – Speedy O. Long, American politician (d. 2006)
• 1929 – Ramon Bieri, American actor (d. 2001)
• 1929 – Pauline Yates, English actress
• 1930 – Vilmos Zsigmond, Hungarian-born American cinematographer
• 1930 – Allan D'Arcangelo, American artist (d. 1998)
• 1934 – Dame Eileen Atkins, English actress
• 1934 – Roger Neilson, Canadian ice hockey coach (d. 2003)
• 1934 – William Forsyth Sharpe, American economist, Nobel laureate
• 1934 – Elvira Vinogradova, Russian TV personality
• 1935 – Bill Cobbs, American actor
• 1935 – Jim Dine, American artist
• 1937 – Erich Segal, American author (d. 2010)
• 1937 – Simeon Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, Tsar and later Prime Minister of Bulgaria
• 1938 – James Bolam, English actor
• 1938 – Joyce Carol Oates, American novelist
• 1938 – Torgny Lindgren, Swedish writer
• 1939 – Billy Crash Craddock, American country singer
• 1940 – Neil Goldschmidt, American Governor of Oregon
• 1941 – Aldrich Ames, American C.I.A. officer and spy
• 1941 – Lamont Dozier, American record company executive
• 1941 – Mumtaz Hamid Rao, Pakistani journalist
• 1942 – Giacomo Agostini, Italian motorcyclist
• 1942 – Eddie Levert, American singer (The O'Jays)
• 1943 – Joan Van Ark, American actress
• 1944 – Henri Richelet, French painter
• 1945 – Claire Alexander, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1945 – Lucienne Robillard, Canadian politician
• 1946 – Rick Adelman, American basketball player and coach
• 1946 – Jodi Rell, American politician
• 1946 – Derek Sanderson, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1946 – Mark Ritts, American actor (d. 2009)
• 1947 – -minu, Swiss columnist and writer
• 1947 – Tom Wyner, British-born American voice actor and writer
• 1948 – Ron LeFlore, American baseball player
• 1948 – V. Hanumantha Rao, Indian politician
• 1949 – Paulo César, Brazilian footballer
• 1951 – Roberto Durán, Panamanian boxer
• 1951 – Charlie Dominici, American singer (Dream Theater, Dominici)
• 1952 – George Papandreou, junior, Greek politician
• 1952 – Gino Vannelli, Canadian singer and songwriter
• 1953 – Ian Mosley, British drummer (Marillion)
• 1953 – Valerie Mahaffey, American actress
• 1955 – Laurie Metcalf, American actress
• 1957 – Ian Buchanan, Scottish actor
• 1958 – Darrell Griffith, American basketball player
• 1958 – Jóhannes Helgason, Icelandic guitarist (Þeyr)
• 1958 – Ulrike Tauber, East German swimmer
• 1959 – The Ultimate Warrior, American professional wrestler
• 1959 – Desirée Rogers, American public relations executive and former Social Secretary for the White House
• 1959 – John Franklin, American actor
• 1960 – Peter Sterling, Australian rugby league footballer
• 1961 – Steve Larmer, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1962 – Wally Joyner, American baseball player
• 1962 – Femi Kuti, Nigerian afrobeat musician
• 1962 – Arnold Vosloo, South African actor
• 1962 – Anthony Wong Yiu Ming, Hong Kong composer and producer
• 1963 – Scott Alexander, American screenwriter
• 1963 – Jim Fullington, American professional wrestler
• 1966 – Jan Železný, Czech athlete
• 1969 – Mark Crossley, Welsh footballer
• 1970 – Clifton Collins Jr., American actor
• 1970 – Cobi Jones, American soccer player
• 1970 – Phil Mickelson, American golfer
• 1970 – Younus AlGohar, British spiritualist, author, poet, sufi and humanitarian
• 1971 – Tupac Shakur, American rapper and actor (d. 1996)
• 1971 – Chris Gomez, American baseball player
• 1972 – John Cho, Korean-American actor
• 1972 – Simon Khan, English golfer
• 1972 – Ann Shoket, American magazine editor
• 1973 – Nikos Machlas, Greek footballer
• 1974 – Paul Lee, British sculptor
• 1975 – Anthony Carter, American basketball player
• 1976 – Edwin Tenorio, Ecuadorian footballer
• 1977 – Kerry Wood, American baseball player
• 1977 – Petros Papadakis, American sportscaster
• 1977 – Kevin Foster, American convicted murderer
• 1977 – Craig Fitzgibbon, Australian rugby league footballer
• 1978 – Daniel Brühl, German actor
• 1978 – Dainius Zubrus, Lithuanian ice hockey player
• 1978 – Jasmine Leong, Chinese Malaysian singer
• 1978 – Lyndsey Marshal, British actress
• 1980 – Brandon Armstrong, American basketball player
• 1980 – Nehir Erdoğan, Turkish actress
• 1980 – Brad Gushue, Canadian curler
• 1980 – Martin Stranzl, Austrian footballer
• 1980 – Joey Yung, Hong Kong singer
• 1980 – Daré Nibombé, Togolese footballer
• 1980 – Phil Christophers, German-born English rugby player
• 1981 – Benjamin Becker, German tennis player
• 1981 – Kevin Bieksa, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1981 – Ben Kweller, American singer and songwriter
• 1981 – Miguel Villalta, Peruvian footballer
• 1982 – Fraser Cartmell, British triathlete
• 1982 – Matt Costa, American singer and songwriter
• 1982 – Missy Peregrym, Canadian actress
• 1982 – Chris Wingert, American footballer
• 1982 – Jodi Santamaria, Filipino actress
• 1983 – Armend Dallku, Albanian footballer
• 1984 – Steven Whittaker, Scottish Footballer
• 1984 – Rick Nash, Canadian ice hockey player
• 1984 – Jonathan Broxton, American baseball player
• 1986 – Rodrigo Defendi, Brazilian footballer
• 1986 – Urby Emanuelson, Dutch footballer
• 1986 – Fernando Muslera, Uruguayan footballer
• 1986 – Farhad Reza, Bangladeshi cricketer
• 1986 – Robert Rothbart, Bosnian/Israeli/Serbian basketball player
• 1987 – Diana DeGarmo, American singer
• 1987 – Abby Elliott, American comedienne
• 1987 – Per Ciljan Skjelbred, Norwegian footballer
• 1987 – Christian Tshimanga Kabeya, Belgian footballer
• 1988 – Keshia Chante, Canadian singer
• 1989 – Elena Glebova, Estonian figure skater
• 1991 – Joe McElderry, X Factor (UK) winner in 2009
• 1994 – Aarya Ambekar, Indian Marathi singer

Deaths

• 1216 – Pope Innocent III (b. 1160 or 1161)
• 1397 – Philip of Artois, Count of Eu, French soldier and nobleman (b. 1358)
• 1468 – Jean Le Fevre, Burgundian chronicler (b. c. 1395)
• 1622 – Alexander Seton, 1st Earl of Dunfermline, Chancellor of Scotland (b. 1555)
• 1623 – Christian, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg-Wolfenbüttel, German Protestant military leader (b. 1599)
• 1666 – Richard Fanshawe, English poet, translator and diplomat (b. 1608)
• 1671 – Stenka Razin, Cossack rebel leader (executed) (b. 1630)
• 1707 – Marie d'Orleans-Longueville, Duchess de Nemours, sovereign princess of Neuchâtel and writer (b. 1625)
• 1722 – John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, English general (b. 1650)
• 1749 – Johann Baptista Ruffini, Italian trader (b. 1672)
• 1752 – Giulio Alberoni, Spanish cardinal (b. 1664)
• 1752 – Joseph Butler, English philosopher (b. 1692)
• 1777 – Jean-Baptiste-Louis Gresset, French poet and dramatist (b. 1709)
• 1778 – Konrad Ekhof, German actor (b. 1720)
• 1779 – Sir Francis Bernard, 1st Baronet, Governor of New Jersey and Massachusetts (b. 1712)
• 1792 – Benjamin Tupper, Continental Army officer, and pioneer to the Ohio Country (b. 1738)
• 1804 – Johann Adam Hiller, German composer (b. 1728)
• 1824 – Charles-François Lebrun, duc de Plaisance, Third Consul of France (b. 1739)
• 1849 – Wilhelm Martin Leberecht de Wette, German theologian (b. 1780)
• 1850 – William Lawson, English explorer of New South Wales, Australia (b. 1774)
• 1855 – John Gorrie, American physician (b. 1803)
• 1858 – John Snow, English epidemiologist (b. 1813)
• 1862 – Hidenoyama Raigorō, Japanese sumo wrestler, the 9^th Yokozuna (b. 1808)
• 1866 – Joseph Méry French poet (b. 1798)
• 1869 – Charles Sturt, English explorer (b. 1795)
• 1872 – Norman MacLeod, Scottish clergyman (b. 1812)
• 1878 – Crawford Long, American physician (b. 1815)
• 1881 – Marie Laveau, American Voodoo practitioner (b. 1801)
• 1881 – Sir Josiah Mason, English pen manufacturer (b. 1795)
• 1885 – Wilhelm Camphausen, German painter (b. 1818)
• 1902 – Ernst Schröder, German mathematician (b. 1841)
• 1925 – Chittaranjan Das, Indian patriot and freedom fighter (b. 1870)
• 1925 – Emmett Hardy, American jazz cornet player (b. 1903)
• 1928 – Dr. Mark Keppel, American County Superintendent of Los Angeles County Schools from 1902-1928 (b. 1867)
• 1929 – Bramwell Booth, English 2^nd General of The Salvation Army (b. 1856)
• 1930 – Ezra Fitch, American founder of Abercrombie & Fitch (b. 1866)
• 1930 – Elmer Ambrose Sperry, American co-inventor of the gyrocompass (b. 1860)
• 1939 – Chick Webb, American jazz drummer and big band leader (b. 1905)
• 1940 – DuBose Heyward, American novelist (b. 1885)
• 1944 – Marc Bloch, French historian (executed) (b. 1886)
• 1945 – Aris Velouchiotis, Greek guerrilla resistance leader (b. 1905)
• 1952 – Andrew Lawson, Scottish-American geologist, the first to map the entire San Andreas Fault (b. 1861)
• 1953 – Margaret Bondfield, English politician and feminist (b. 1873)
• 1955 – Ozias Leduc, Quebec painter (b. 1864)
• 1958 – Imre Nagy, Prime Minister of Hungary (b. 1895)
• 1959 – George Reeves, American actor (b. 1914)
• 1961 – Marcel Junod, Swiss physician (b. 1904)
• 1967 – Reginald Denny, English stage, film, and television actor (b. 1891)
• 1969 – Harold Alexander, British military commander (b. 1891)
• 1970 – Heino Eller, Estonian composer (b. 1887)
• 1970 – Brian Piccolo, American football player (b. 1943)
• 1970 – Sydney Chapman, British mathematician and geophysicist (b. 1888)
• 1971 – Lord Reith, British broadcast executive (b. 1889)
• 1977 – Wernher von Braun, German-born rocket scientist (b. 1912)
• 1979 – Ignatius Kutu Acheamphong, Ghanaian dictator (b. 1931)
• 1979 – Nicholas Ray, American film director (b. 1911)
• 1981 – Jule Gregory Charney, American meteorologist (b. 1917)
• 1982 – James Honeyman-Scott, English guitarist and songwriter (The Pretenders) (b. 1956)
• 1984 – Lew Andreas, American basketball coach (b. 1895)
• 1986 – Maurice Duruflé, French composer and organist (b. 1902)
• 1988 – Miguel Piñero, Puerto Rican playwright, actor and co-founder of the Nuyorican Poets Café (b. 1946)
• 1990 – Gertrude Baniszewski, American murderer of Sylvia Likens (b. 1929)
• 1990 – Megan Leigh, American porn star (b. 1964)
• 1993 – Lindsay Hassett, Australian cricketer (b. 1913)
• 1994 – Kristen Pfaff, American bassist (Hole) (b. 1967)
• 1996 – Mel Allen, American baseball announcer (b. 1913)
• 1996 – Curt Swan, American comic book artist (b. 1920)
• 1997 – Dal Stivens, Australian author (b. 1911)
• 1999 – Screaming Lord Sutch, British musician (b. 1940)
• 2000 – Empress Kōjun of Japan (b. 1903)
• 2003 – Pierre Bourgault, French Canadian politician (b. 1934)
• 2003 – Georg Henrik von Wright, Finnish-Swedish philosopher (b. 1916)
• 2004 – Thanom Kittikachorn, Prime Minister of Thailand (b. 1911)
• 2005 – Enrique Laguerre, Puerto Rican writer (b. 1906)
• 2006 – Igor Śmiałowski, Polish actor (b. 1917)
• 2006 – Alireza Shapour Shahbazi, Iranian archaeologist, (b. 1942)
• 2007 – Grand Ayatollah Fazel Lankarani, Iranian cleric (b. 1931)
• 2007 – Mikhail Kononov, Soviet actor (b. 1940)
• 2008 – Tom Compernolle, Belgian athlete (b. 1975)
• 2008 – Mario Rigoni Stern, Italian writer, World War II veteran and Nazi concentration camp survivor (b. 1921)
• 2010 – Marc Bazin, Haitian politician (b. 1932)

Holidays and observances

• Bloomsday (Dublin, James Joyce fans)
• Christian Feast Day
  • Benno
  • Lutgardis
  • Quiricus and Julietta
  • June 16 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

• International Day of the African Child (Organisation of African Unity)
• Martyrdom of Guru Arjan Dev (Sikhism)
• Sussex Day (Sussex)
• Youth Day (South Africa)

External links

• BBC: On This Day
• The New York Times: On This Day
• On This Day in Canada